I'm not sure if this has been posted yet, but it is a nice puzzle.
Can three lights always be placed outside of any convex solid such that the solid is completely illuminated?
You can assume that:
We are working in an otherwise empty three-dimensional space
The lights are point sources.
The solid is illuminated at every point on its surface where a straight line can be drawn uninterrupted between it and a light source.
Okay, I know I've made a lot of posts, but here's my final answer.
I realized I made a mistake on the first problem, or at least the first problem as I understand it.
As TSLF said, Alice and the queen are unrestrained by how a queen normally moves on a chessboard. My understanding of it is that Alice can "jump" from anywhere on the board to any other unvisited square, without touching any of the squares in between.
That's not what I meant, but what you said afterwards made a lot of sense. It brought order to the muddled up thoughts in my mind. I guess what I meant was, is it possible to prove that no sufficient conditions exist?